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| 系統識別號 |
U0005-2008201017550900 |
| 論文名稱(中文)
|
影響基層裁量權之因素探討─以台中市執行「馬上關懷專案」為例 |
| 論文名稱(英文)
|
The Factors of Street-level Bureaucracy Discretion: The Case of Implementing Urgent Caring System and Scheme in Taichung City |
| 校院名稱 |
中興大學 |
| 系所名稱(中) |
國家政策與公共事務研究所 |
| 系所名稱(英) |
Graduate Institute of National Policy and Public Affairs |
| 學年度 |
98 |
| 學期 |
2 |
| 出版年 |
99 |
| 研究生(中文) |
陳弘章 |
| 研究生(英文) |
Hong-Cheng Chen |
| 學號 |
79791002 |
| 學位類別 |
碩士 |
| 語文別 |
中文 |
| 口試日期 |
2010-07-23 |
| 論文頁數 |
125頁 |
| 口試委員 |
指導教授-潘競恒
委員-邱明斌
委員-王啟明
|
| 中文關鍵字 |
基層官僚
政策執行
裁量權
馬上關懷專案
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| 英文關鍵字 |
street-level bureaucrats
policy implementation
discretion
Urgent Caring System and Scheme
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| 學科別分類 |
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| 中文摘要 |
2008年全球金融海嘯的衝擊，使得中低收入民眾的經濟困境更形嚴峻，政府為保障此期間經濟弱勢者的消費能力，遂實施「馬上關懷急難救助要點」（簡稱「馬上關懷專案」），期待加強照顧社會弱勢之配套措施，透過村里基層組織與社工、慈善機構合作，建立社會安全網，協助遭受急難民眾獲得及時、有效的救助。
然而，馬上關懷專案於基層實際執行時，在審核與發放業務出現疑義，部分原因在於專案之訪查、核定和撥款屬於各縣（市）鄉（鎮、市、區）公所之權責，因此，公所的基層公務人員在認定個案是否適格時，具備相當程度的裁量權限。故本文欲探究基層公務人員在專案的執行過程中如何行使其裁量權？是否會因其他因素而影響其裁量權行使？
本文首就行政裁量權之文獻進行探討，並藉由問卷調查，檢驗任職於台中市各區公所之基層公務人員，包含里幹事和社會建設課之課員，其於執行「馬上關懷專案」中所表現的裁量行為以及影響其行使裁量之因素。自變項分別為「政治力因素」、「組織管理因素」、「專業素養」、「工作壓力」和「經濟環境」。依變項則為「裁量權之行使程度」，透過線性迴歸模型的建立，進而探求兩者之間之關係。
迴歸模型顯示「政治力因素」、「專業素養」為影響台中市基層公務人員裁量權行使之主要顯著變項。相關研究發現與政策建議如本文末節說明。
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| 英文摘要 |
Due to the global financial crisis in 2008, which led people with low to moderate incomes to a situation of worse financial difficulty, the government implemented the Operation Directive for Urgent Caring System and Scheme (UCSS) to alleviate the financial shock to the economic minorities during this period. Through the collaboration among the township administration, social workers, and charity organizations, the government expects to use UCSS as complementary measures of building a better social safety system to assist people in urgent need specifically during this period and benefit the economic minorities in general.
However, when the township and districts offices implemented UCSS, there were some controversies in the procedure of qualification screening and allowance rationing. Some of reasons rooted in the fact that the responsibility of inquiry, ratification and appropriation of the scheme belonged to each township and districts office, where the street-level staffs had the discretion to decide whether a case was eligible or not. Consequently, this study aimed to explore how the street-level bureaucrats exercised their discretion in the case of UCSS. What were the key factors that affected the use of discretion?
The authors first surveyed the literature on administrative discretion. The authors then surveyed the district officers and the social and construction affairs section officers in Taichung city to explore how they performed the discretion in implementing UCSS and the variables affecting their use of discretion. A linear regression model was built to specify the causal relationships of variables. The independent variables were the political factor, organizational factor, professional capacity, working pressure, and economic condition. The dependent variable was the degree of using discretion independently. The data showed that political factors and professional capacity were the significant variables that affected the use of discretion among the street-level bureaucrats in this case. More detailed findings and policy implications are also offered toward the end of this paper.
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| 論文目次 |
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機、目的與問題 2
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節 基層官僚理論 5
第二節 治理研究與政策執行理論 11
第三節 行政裁量權之文獻探討 16
第四節 影響基層官僚裁量權之因素探討 24
第三章 研究設計 35
第一節 研究架構 35
第二節 研究個案與對象 37
第三節 研究方法、流程與限制 38
第四節 問卷設計與操作化定義 41
第五節 問卷預試及修正 44
第六節 修正之研究架構與假設 53
第四章 資料分析 57
第一節 問卷信度分析 57
第二節 敘述統計分析 58
第三節 變異數分析 66
第四節 線性迴歸模型 80
第五節 開放式問卷分析 89
第五章 結論與建議 95
第一節 研究發現與政策建議 95
第二節 後續研究建議 100
參考書目 102
附錄 110
附錄一 亞洲主要國家(地區)經濟成長率 110
附錄二 馬上關懷專案作業手冊內容概述 111
附錄三 訪談內容摘要 115
附錄四 正式問卷內容 117
附錄五 開放式問卷填答內容 121
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| 參考文獻 |
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